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| GDP (PPP) per capita (2022): 48,685.50 Int. Dollar | Population (2022): 47,778,340 | HDI (2022): 0.91 |
ND-GAIN Country Index rank
27
Score: 61.9
Vulnerability
0.292
Readiness
0.531
The low vulnerability score and high readiness score of Spain places it in the lower-right quadrant of the ND-GAIN Matrix. Adaptation challenges still exist, but Spain is well positioned to adapt. Spain is the 181st most vulnerable country and the 47th most ready country.
ND-GAIN Ranking since 1995
| Year | 95 | 96 | 97 | 98 | 99 | 00 | 01 | 02 | 03 | 04 | 05 | 06 | 07 | 08 | 09 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ranking | 22 | 23 | 24 | 22 | 19 | 19 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 21 | 21 | 25 | 25 | 27 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 26 | 26 | 26 | 27 | 26 | 26 | 26 | 26 | 26 | 26 | 27 |
| Indicator | 2003 to 2022 | Score |
|---|---|---|
| Vulnerability | 0.292 | |
| Food | 0.304 | |
| Projected change of cereal yields | 0.801 | |
| Projected population change | 0.086 | |
| Food import dependency | 0.169 | |
| Rural population | 0.201 | |
| Agriculture capacity | 0.567 | |
| Child malnutrition | 0 | |
| Water | 0.200 | |
| Projected change of annual runoff | 0.453 | |
| Projected change of annual groundwater recharge | 0.186 | |
| Fresh water withdrawal rate | 0.223 | |
| Water dependency ratio | 0.003 | |
| Dam capacity | 0.327 | |
| Access to reliable drinking water | 0.004 | |
| Health | 0.282 | |
| Projected change of deaths from climate change induced diseases | 0.030 | |
| Projected change in vector-borne diseases | 0.658 | |
| Dependency on external resource for health services | - | |
| Slum population | 0 | |
| Medical staff | 0.621 | |
| Access to improved sanitation facilities | 0.101 | |
| Ecosystem Services | 0.279 | |
| Projected change of biome distribution | 0.647 | |
| Projected change of marine biodiversity | 0.340 | |
| Natural capital dependency | 0.038 | |
| Ecological footprint | 0.327 | |
| Protected biome | 0.149 | |
| Engagement in international environmental conventions | 0.170 | |
| Human Habitat | 0.374 | |
| Projected change of warm periods | 0.084 | |
| Projected change of flood hazard | 0.533 | |
| Urban concentration | 0.799 | |
| Age dependency ratio | 0.507 | |
| Quality of trade and transport infrastructure | 0.308 | |
| Paved roads | 0.010 | |
| Infrastructure | 0.316 | |
| Projected change of hydropower generation capacity | 0.476 | |
| Projected change of sea level rise impacts | 0.042 | |
| Dependency on imported energy | 0.818 | |
| Population living under 5m above sea level | 0.241 | |
| Electricity access | 0 | |
| Disaster preparedness | - |