Spain

GDP (PPP) per capita (2020): 37,756.35 Int. Dollar Population (2020): 47,363,419 HDI (2020): 0.90
ND-GAIN Country Index rank 26
Score: 61.8
Vulnerability 0.300
Readiness 0.536

The low vulnerability score and high readiness score of Spain places it in the lower-right quadrant of the ND-GAIN Matrix. Adaptation challenges still exist, but Spain is well positioned to adapt. Spain is the 176th most vulnerable country and the 43rd most ready country.

ND-GAIN Ranking since 1995

Year 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Ranking
21
21
21
20
20
20
19
19
21
22
22
23
24
25
25
28
28
26
26
28
27
25
26
25
26
26
Denotes worst scores
Indicator 2001 to 2020 Score
Vulnerability
0.300
Food
0.313
Projected change of cereal yields
0.801
Projected population change
0.086
Food import dependency
0.185
Rural population
0.207
Agriculture capacity
0.601
Child malnutrition
0
Water
0.266
Projected change of annual runoff
0.453
Projected change of annual groundwater recharge
0.186
Fresh water withdrawal rate
0.237
Water dependency ratio
0.003
Dam capacity
0.715
Access to reliable drinking water
0.004
Health
0.228
Projected change of deaths from climate change induced diseases
0.030
Projected change in vector-borne diseases
0.658
Dependency on external resource for health services
0
Slum population
0
Medical staff
0.635
Access to improved sanitation facilities
0.044
Ecosystem Services
0.281
Projected change of biome distribution
0.647
Projected change of marine biodiversity
0.340
Natural capital dependency
0.038
Ecological footprint
0.343
Protected biome
0.149
Engagement in international environmental conventions
0.170
Human Habitat
0.373
Projected change of warm periods
0.084
Projected change of flood hazard
0.533
Urban concentration
0.793
Age dependency ratio
0.522
Quality of trade and transport infrastructure
0.297
Paved roads
0.010
Infrastructure
0.335
Projected change of hydropower generation capacity
0.476
Projected change of sea level rise impacts
0.042
Dependency on imported energy
0.907
Population living under 5m above sea level
0.253
Electricity access
0
Disaster preparedness
-