Estonia

GDP (PPP) per capita (2020): 37,645.22 Int. Dollar Population (2020): 1,329,479 HDI (2020): 0.89
ND-GAIN Country Index rank 22
Score: 62.8
Vulnerability 0.363
Readiness 0.618

The low vulnerability score and high readiness score of Estonia places it in the lower-right quadrant of the ND-GAIN Matrix. Adaptation challenges still exist, but Estonia is well positioned to adapt. Estonia is the 148th most vulnerable country and the 23rd most ready country.

ND-GAIN Ranking since 1995

Year 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Ranking
30
29
30
32
30
31
30
29
28
27
29
24
23
22
22
23
24
24
24
22
22
22
22
23
22
22
Denotes worst scores
Indicator 2001 to 2020 Score
Vulnerability
0.363
Food
0.247
Projected change of cereal yields
0
Projected population change
0.048
Food import dependency
0.171
Rural population
0.332
Agriculture capacity
0.931
Child malnutrition
0
Water
0.301
Projected change of annual runoff
0.237
Projected change of annual groundwater recharge
0.434
Fresh water withdrawal rate
0.119
Water dependency ratio
0.007
Dam capacity
0.966
Access to reliable drinking water
0.043
Health
0.258
Projected change of deaths from climate change induced diseases
0.061
Projected change in vector-borne diseases
0.658
Dependency on external resource for health services
0.001
Slum population
0
Medical staff
0.760
Access to improved sanitation facilities
0.071
Ecosystem Services
0.487
Projected change of biome distribution
0.894
Projected change of marine biodiversity
0.583
Natural capital dependency
-
Ecological footprint
0.039
Protected biome
0.153
Engagement in international environmental conventions
0.765
Human Habitat
0.599
Projected change of warm periods
0.163
Projected change of flood hazard
0.866
Urban concentration
0.668
Age dependency ratio
0.585
Quality of trade and transport infrastructure
0.487
Paved roads
0.825
Infrastructure
0.287
Projected change of hydropower generation capacity
0.438
Projected change of sea level rise impacts
0.164
Dependency on imported energy
0.665
Population living under 5m above sea level
0.168
Electricity access
0
Disaster preparedness
-