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Contact usEstonia
| GDP (PPP) per capita (2022): 47,941.68 Int. Dollar | Population (2022): 1,348,840 | HDI (2022): 0.90 |
ND-GAIN Country Index rank
21
Score: 64.5
Vulnerability
0.330
Readiness
0.621
The low vulnerability score and high readiness score of Estonia places it in the lower-right quadrant of the ND-GAIN Matrix. Adaptation challenges still exist, but Estonia is well positioned to adapt. Estonia is the 161st most vulnerable country and the 24th most ready country.
ND-GAIN Ranking since 1995
| Year | 95 | 96 | 97 | 98 | 99 | 00 | 01 | 02 | 03 | 04 | 05 | 06 | 07 | 08 | 09 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ranking | 30 | 28 | 29 | 31 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 28 | 27 | 26 | 27 | 22 | 22 | 22 | 22 | 23 | 23 | 24 | 24 | 22 | 23 | 23 | 23 | 23 | 22 | 23 | 21 | 21 |
| Indicator | 2003 to 2022 | Score |
|---|---|---|
| Vulnerability | 0.330 | |
| Food | 0.246 | |
| Projected change of cereal yields | 0 | |
| Projected population change | 0.048 | |
| Food import dependency | 0.149 | |
| Rural population | 0.328 | |
| Agriculture capacity | 0.951 | |
| Child malnutrition | 0 | |
| Water | 0.294 | |
| Projected change of annual runoff | 0.237 | |
| Projected change of annual groundwater recharge | 0.434 | |
| Fresh water withdrawal rate | 0.057 | |
| Water dependency ratio | 0.007 | |
| Dam capacity | 0.998 | |
| Access to reliable drinking water | 0.030 | |
| Health | 0.215 | |
| Projected change of deaths from climate change induced diseases | 0.061 | |
| Projected change in vector-borne diseases | 0.658 | |
| Dependency on external resource for health services | 0.001 | |
| Slum population | 0 | |
| Medical staff | 0.475 | |
| Access to improved sanitation facilities | 0.097 | |
| Ecosystem Services | 0.494 | |
| Projected change of biome distribution | 0.894 | |
| Projected change of marine biodiversity | 0.583 | |
| Natural capital dependency | - | |
| Ecological footprint | 0.075 | |
| Protected biome | 0.153 | |
| Engagement in international environmental conventions | 0.765 | |
| Human Habitat | 0.582 | |
| Projected change of warm periods | 0.163 | |
| Projected change of flood hazard | 0.866 | |
| Urban concentration | 0.672 | |
| Age dependency ratio | 0.581 | |
| Quality of trade and transport infrastructure | 0.385 | |
| Paved roads | 0.825 | |
| Infrastructure | 0.151 | |
| Projected change of hydropower generation capacity | 0.438 | |
| Projected change of sea level rise impacts | 0.164 | |
| Dependency on imported energy | 0.071 | |
| Population living under 5m above sea level | 0.158 | |
| Electricity access | 0 | |
| Disaster preparedness | 0.075 |